Refrigerating apparatus



C. C. HANS Rirmsmms APPARATUS.

APPLICATION HLED FEB. 23| ISIC.

Patented C. (i, hNSEN.

I'EFHIGERAUNG APPARATUS.

APPucAnon mso fzs. 2s, mf.

l,402,4 8. luwnwd Jan. 3, 1922.

C. C. HANSEN. REfmGERmrNG APPAHMUS.

APPLICATION fnED frs. 23. me.

W MT1@ Jm i w .YM

Apparatus. of which the following Uiilil' STATES; Psiiiiilsli" CHARLES C. HANSEN, 0F FOREST PARK. ILLINOIS. ASSIGNOR TO REFRIGRATDIG SPECIALTIES COMPANY, 0F CHICAGO. ILLINOIS. A CORPORATION 0F ILLINOIS.

REFRIGERATING APPARATUS.

Application Med Fe hru ary To vll union,- f may concern:

Ue il: known that I, Cnnnms C. HANSEN, n citizen of thc United Stilles. :ind a residentof Forest Pork, in thc county of Cook :1nd State of Illinois, have inv'cnted certain new nml nscful Improvements in Refrigerntin;

1s a fnl clcnr. :1nd cxnct description.

Thr` invention relatos to refrigerating nppnrnlns and more particularly to mechanism for uutomnticnlly 4controlling it rcsponsively to variations in the temperature in the room or apartment to be refrigerated.

In automatic rcfriqernting systems, in which n coolingr liqniiifor the refrigerantcondenscr-is used. it hns been found necessary to avoid operntion of thc refrigerant pump or compressor. if for any rcason the supply o1' thv cooling liquid is insnllicienl; or should fnil. One object of the present ini-'ention is toprovide iinprorcd controlling mcchnnism which will koop the compressor icllc dcspitc tomperntnre clmngcs in the room or spncc living cooled. if thc supply of cooling liquid. usually wntexg should Jnil or its pressure should fnl] liclow thc nlnximllm dcsircd lor propri' dcfzrvo of condi-lisation or cooling of thc rcl'rigcrnnt.

i'url'hcr olijcct oli thc invcnlion is to providc. improved thcrmostntic controlling nirclmnisni for thc motor for drivinr the cmuprcssor, in which provision is umili. for sr'xzlpping :l lcvcrs\\'il'ch iiiio nml 011i. 0i'

`rloscd position to prevent sparking nl: the

switch-t'onlncts. 1 Y

fnrlhcr object of llicginvonlion is ,to proridv improvcd L -m'itrollin'g mechanism For nuouillir rr Frigcrnting s vslirms.

'l`hc invcntion consists in 'tho scrcrnl novel lcnlnrcs hcrcinnltm' srt forth :1nd more purticnlnrlv ilclincd. by claims rit the. conclusion ilclcoF.

ln thc drawings Fig. l is n rcrticulscction of rho improved controlling mechanism, ports boing shown in clarntion. Figs. 2 and :irc cud clcvntions viewed from opposie sidcs rrsprctircly, thc caso for enclosingthe stm-ling mechanism .living shown in section. Fig. l is nu elevation of the switch for con- Irolling the motor for driving the compressor, thccovcr of the ruso. boing;r lcmoved. Fig. 5 is a section taken on line 5-5 of Fig.

Speclcntian of Letters Potent.

23, 1316. Serial No. 79,813.

l. Fig. U is n diagram of the electrical con ncctions und the refrigerationsystem.

Referring to the diagram (Fig. 6), 10 cianotes a pump or compressor for he refrigcrnnt: 11 u refrigerant line suitably connected to the pump; l2 a condenser coil in n suitable funk 14 and connected o receive the rafri rant from the com zrcssor; 15, i1 receiver gir the refrigerant; 1i u. motor for driving the compressor, and 16 a pipe which supplies cooling water to the refrlgerating system for condensing the refrigerant in coil 12.

Motor 1'? is connected to bc, snpnlied with current. from n pair ol" line-concoctors 18 and 19, n switch comprising` contacts Q0 and 2l and n lever 2Q being` included in one. of die line-connections to control the operation of sind motor.

.l .starting motor E23 is employed to furnish thc pou-nr for operating the switch- Icvcr Q22. A thcrmostnt E24 of suitable construction und disposed in the reriffemtin room o r space. which is uomentionaly incli roh-d :it a and is connrccii io conrol thc clcciricnl connections for starring thc motor 23. The ccnnccions for this purpose comprise n conductor 2li between the iinc-conduc-lor 19 and one of the brnshcson hc molor 23; :i conductor 26 connecting' ih@ other hrnsh of said motor and n thermostnt-con.- tact 2?: conductor 528 conosci-ing:- Athc linecmnluctor 18 und :mother tharmosi-a-conincl 29; n Vrotzitixng notched disk or member 3f) driven by suitable gears operatori hymntor i223: a brush-contini 3i. connected r'o conductor 2G; n ln'nsh'contnctV 32 connected io thermostat 24 und a bruslvconnct 33 elec tricnlly connected to thc conductor 2S.

Motor 23 is mounted upon a bracket 34 which is adapted lo be secured to somo snitnble convenient su nwrt. A. hood 35 o n op of bracket 34 encioscs said motorrnd its ussocinted ports. The gearing between the motor 23 and the controller-member 30 com prises, n worm v343 fixed to the slinit of the motor; n goor 3T meshing` with said worm und Fixed to a vcrlicnl shaft 38; o. worm 39 on said shaft 3B meshing with a suitable gear 4:0, :ind a shaft Ll un which" o controlling member 30 is mounted. The motorcasing is supported on posts 42. Upright Patented Jan. 3, i922.

Hill

I shaft 38 is suitably mounted in bearings 43 and 44. Shaft 41 is mounted in bearings 45, 46. Contacts 31, 32, and 33 are secured tov studs 47, respectively, and all 'of these studs are mounted in and insulated from a bracket 4:8 secured to supporting bracket 34'.

A supplyl pipe 50 for coolin water isconnected to, a valve-casing 5 1. ipe 16 for conducting water to the condenser is also connected to anoutlet in this easing' At the inlet-side of the casing, n` valve 52, normally closed by e spring 53, controls the How of the coohn water from the su ply pipe 50 to the con cnser. The stem Evi.) of valve 52 extends upwardly through a packing box in the easing 51 und carries a roller 56. This valve 52 is o )cned by a cum 57 fixed to the shaft 41 of t e caring driven by the startinag-mobor 23. nlve casingr 51 is formed with a bracket 5B which is secured to the underside of the supporting bracket 34, to support the vulve casing in proper relation to the startingV mechanism. T iis cam 5T is formed to open valve 52 when the motor 23 is operated to startthe motor 17, to hold the valve open during the operation of said motor and to permit spring 53 to close the ,vulve at all other times. The axis of stem 54 ex tends towards the axis of sliiift 41, so that the force of spring 53 will not be npplied to rotatie cam 57 when the shaft is utrest and the vulve is open.

The passage of water from the chamber 59 in casing |31 above vulve 52, to the pipe 16, controls u plunger 60 which is slidably mounted in ii cylinder G1 in said casinv. The upper side of this plunger is exposedto 'the pressure of water in chamber 59. A spring 62 serves to lift the plunger and to hold-it normallyr iiiiscd with force slightlylless than the minimum ressure required for the condenser 12. P unger G0 is provided with openings 63 which are ada Jtedto pass -into registry with a. duct 64: lee inginto the outlet of the casini. .The force of spring 62 muy be adjusted y n screw 66 which engages a cup 67 on the lower end of the spring. This adjustment adaptsY the device for operation by water under different pressures. If the water su ply from pipe 50 should feil or should be be ow the minimum pressure necessary for proper operation of the condenser 12, plunger BOwll keep the outlet closed.

' When the motor23 is operated, Weterfrorn the pipe 50, under sucient or normal pressure, will pass into the upper end of cylinder 6l and force plunge 6U downwardly against the force of spring 2, to bring ports 133 into registry: with the duct 64 and ,cause the water to flow through the cnsing to thecon denser as long as valve 52 is held open. Upon closing of valve' 52, which occurs when the operation of the4 compressor ceases,y spring 62 will restore plunger 60 to the normal position shown in Fig. l, it being understood that there will be a slight leakage between the plunger G0 and the cylinder 61, so that the water confined in thenpper portion of the casingcen escape.` This exemplifies a controlling device Aoperated by the cooling liquid and is used to control the operation of the motor 17 so that'sa''d motor and the compressor will not be o rated to com ress 'the refrigerant, except wY en water of t e necessary minimum 4in volume or pressure is bein supplied to the ciisin 51.

lunger 60 is providedI with a. stem 69 extending through a packing-box 7l in the head T0 of the cylinder 61 and the upper end of this stem isv 'ded in' e socket 72 on bracket 58. A colar 73 is secured adjacentV the upper end .of stein 69 and has abutmenfs 76 to ,shift e, leve'r- 74 for operating the switch-lever 22. Lever 74 is pivoted, as at 75, to the bracket 58, en d extends between abutments 7 6 on colliii- '(3. The distal end of lever 74 is pivoted, as at 75', to an arm 77, which is pivoted, as at 78 to a'lug T9 on u member 8O of o casing for the switch.

link 81, ivoted as et 82,V to the distal end of 9 0 the switc -lever 22, is slidnble longitudinally in the hub of arm 77.- A head 83 on the lower end of link 81 acts as e one-wey stop between link `81 und arm T7. A spring 84 coiled nroun'd link 81, is interposed between tlie'hub of arm 77 und the outer end of the link. When the water forces the )lunger 60 downwardly to pei-init the wnter to flow.. to the condenser, the upper abutment 76 will force lever 74 downwardly. Such movement will rock arm 77 and link B1 about the ivot` 7 8. The link B1 and lever 22 which is adapted to cross the dead center to render spring 84 active to quickly snu the lever 22 .into the switchmember 21. ikewise, the spring.r 81 serves to move the lever 22 outwardly lifter the linkage has passed the dead center during the shift of lever .74 to open the switch. The abut-ments 76 are formed Vto leave snih'cient lost motion between them 110 for the lever y74: so that evn though the plunger 60 is moved slowly downwardly, a quick shiftof lever 22- \vill result. The hole in lever74 for pivot 75 is elongated to'permit the lever to move longitudinally slightly,

larly when the movement of controlling plunger 60 is slow.

The operation of the system` will be nur@ follows: Assuming the apparatus to he 'at rest, valve 5 2 will be closed and the switchlever 22 will be in position to linterrupt `the circuit for the motor 17. The starting-md tor will also be at rest, because the circuits thermostat 2i, contact 32, controller 30,

contact 31, conductor 26, motor 23, conductor 25 and line-conductor 19. The starting motor will then operate to-rotu-te Shaft 41 one-half revolution. Controller 30 is rovided with an interruptor notch 30* wliich is normally in position to breakthe contact between member 30 a-nd contact 33. When shaft 41 has completed :i half revolution, the notcl 5U-1 will Ybe brought into position te ndisposed at whereupon, scid circuit will be inter rupted causing the motor 23 to sto'p.4

When the shaft 41 hes been thus operated cnin 57 will be in position shown-in Fig. 1 and the vulve will be open. If' witter under sniiicient pressure for condensing is being supplied to casing` :'51 by lpi e 50, plunger-'60 will beforced downward y y the water to bring,l ports 63 und` ducts 64 into registry, whereupon, water will flow through pipe 16 to the condenser. Such shift .of pilingh r 60 will also operate lever 74 to shift sivitc -levcr against contacts 21, 20, to close the circuit for operating the motor 17 which drives the compressor 10.- There' nponthe refrigerant will be compressed und circulated through the rcfrigernting line :ind coolinv water will How to the condenser. If there is no water in pipe 50, or if it is iusuflicient to force )longer G0 downwardly agninst the force o' spring 62 theI mechanism for controlling motor 1T will not -be operiitorl :ind scid motor will re- .mziin idle, thus preventing damage to the system, resulting from opcriiting the compressor while the condenser is inoperative through lack of or delicient water supply.

,It the water supply is sutlicicntend lever T4 Vlies been operated to cause the motor 17 to operate the compressor, the starting motor 23 will remain idle until the temperature.

in the ielri rating-room or space has been lowered tot e desired minimum, whereupon, thermostat 24 will more against coutuct 2, and a circuit for the operation of the starting,l motor will be established as follows: line conductor 18, conductor 28, Contact 33, controller 30, lcontact 32, thermostat 24, contact 27, conductor 26,1`iii0tur 23, conductor '25 and line-conductor 19. The operation ofmotor 23 will continue until notch 30" passes into normiil position indicated in Fig. 6. As the notch 30 passes contact 32, the circuit for motor 23 will not be interrupted because the current will pass from conductor 28 to contact 31 vin contact :lil und controller 3l). Before tlie controller reaches its normal position and motor `23 stops, cum 5T will contact 31,

be in osition to permit spring 53 to close valve g2 and cut off the supply of water to the condenser. As n result, spiing 62 will lift plungerl 60, the water above the )longer 60 escaping between the plunger n n cylinder 61 into the outlet. This movement of the plunger will lift lever '-l to open shiftswitch lever 22 to its open position. Whereupon, the operation of motor 17 und cd'mpressor 10 will be discontinued until it is again necessai y or until the thermostat 24 is operated responsively to the raising of the temperature in the refrigeruting room oi: space. .fi

The invention thus exemplifies a refrigen ating system in which provision is made for automatically controlling its operation b v the supply of cooling water for the refrigen ating system and in which the compressor will not be operated when the water Sup ly fails or is insuflcient in pressure to e ect condensation or thc-.cooling desired. Also one in which provision is mode for e quick shift of the switch-lever for controlling the operation of the motor for driving the compressor, responsive to slow movement of the shifting mechanism. Also one in which the starting' motor, by means of gearing, operntes u. cam for shifting the spring-closed water-vulve. Also one in which the controlling mechanism for starting the motor is sim le in construction.

ie invention is not to be understood as restricted to the details set forth, since tlics'e may be modified within the scope of the e iponded claims, without:v departing from the spirit find scope of the invention.

Having thus described the invention, what I claim as new und desireA to secure by Letters Patent, is:

l. In *on rutomatic rerigernting system, the combination of a compressor, n motor for opemting the compressor, a condenser, means for suppl ing cooling liquid to the condenser, slideb e spring-closed means coutrolled by the cooling liquid, for controlling the operation of the motor and wherch it will be caused to remain inoperative if', the slip ly of cooling.;` liquid is insullicient, n spr Iig-closed slide valve for controlling the supply of liquid, and casing containing said va ve end said controlling means.

2. In n refrigernting system, the combinntion of e compressor, ii motor for operating i ling ti operatedby said shaft for operating saidvalve, and s ring-shifted pressure means operated bv t. e cool liquid, -or control- -.ii tion of 4. Iir rigerating system, the combination of a compressor, s motor for operating the compressor, a spring-closed valve for controlling the supp y o coolin the system, ii. starting motor, a s at, gear ing between said starting motor and said A shaft, a cam on said shaft for operating said valve, and prossime-means operated by the cooling liquid for controlling the operation of the compressor-motor.

5. In n refrigerating system, the combination of a compressor, a motor for operating the compressor, a valve for controlling thc supply of cooling llnid to the system, a starting motor, n she gearing between said starting motor and snid shaft, means operated by said shaft for o eriiting said vnlve,

ressiiremeiins o crate by the cooling liquid, for control ing the operation of the compressor-motor, a thermostat, ii circuitsind shaft and conbe controller operated b uections `between sai thermostat.

6. In n refrigerating system, the combination of n compressor, a motor for operating the compressor, a valve for controlling the supply of cooling liquid to the system, n storting motor, ii. shaft, gearing between said starting motor mid said shaft, ii ciiiii on snid shaft for operating said valve.v :ind pressure-means operated by the cooling liquid. for controlling the operation of the compressor-motor, n thermostat, ii. circuitcontroller fixed on said shaft und iconnections between said controller :ind snid thermostat. l 'i'. In n refrigcriiting system, the combination of o compressor, n motor for operating the cOmprcSsor, it switch for siiid motor, a spring-closed `viili'e for controlling the supply 'of cooling liquid to the system, n starting-motor", n shaft, gearing between said starting motor und siiid slinft, o ciim on said slinft for operating siiid valve, und s ring-shifted 'prsnre-menns operated by tiie coolino liqiiid for shifting sind switch, ii thermosiat, :i circuit-controller lixeil mi said shaft and connections between said controller and said thermostat.

S. In iin iiiitoiniitc rcfrigeriiting system. the combiiiiitioii of fi compressor, :i motor,

controller and said tliermostaticnlly controlled means iiiid coii.

nections for controlling the operation of siiid motor, gearing driven by sold motor comprising n shaft, s'nil connections controlling tho motor to operate the shaft succcssiiehpiirtinl revolutions, :i vnlie for eoiitrolling the supply of liquid to the system,

e compresor-momia liquid tof and c c am on said shaft for operating said valve. c

9. In an automatic rerigeroting system, the combination of n compressor, n motor,

thermostiitically controlledmeans, end con nections for controll' the operation of sind motor, gearing driven by said motor comprising a shaft, said connections controlling the motor 'tooperate the shaft snccessive partial revolutions, a valve for con-` trolling the supply of cooling liquid to the system, i1 spring for operating the 'valve in one direetiomend a'cam on said shaft for operating seid valve in the opposite direction.

10. refrigerati e compressor, a, con nser and a refrigeratf ing chamber, a valve forcontrolling the dow an electric motoi` for actuating the valve, circuitlchangin devices controlled by the motor' in actua ing `the valve and thermostatic means including circuit connections,

apparatus comprising of cooling medium through the condenser,

said thermostntic means being electrically.

connected to the circuit changing 'mennsconw trolled by the motor and being located in r. `il. A refrigeriitin1 npparntn's comprising n compressor, a con enser, o refrigeating chamber, rindan electric-mechanical unit responsive to temperature changes in the refrigerntin chamber, comprisin an electric motor, vii ve menne for control ng thellow of coolingmedium throuvh the condenser, electric switch means for the motor, and mecliiinicnl connections between th motor and the switch means and valve means, whereb cooling medium may be Supplied and cut n from the condenser.

12. A refrigeriitin apparatus, comprising a compressor, a con enser ond :i refrigerating chamber, a valve for controlling the `flovii of coolini,r medium through the condenser, :iii electric motor for s .ctuating the valve, circuit-changing devices for controlling said motor, tliermostiitic means electrically connected to said circuit-changing devices looperutive relation to the rerigerating chamnoted in o )erotive relation to the refrigeratj,

ing cliziin er, and mechanism comprisin spoed-reducing gcnring operated by sin iiiotor for operating said circuit-changing ilcrires and sixid vulve.

13. In :in :iutomatic iefi'igernting the combination of ii compicssor, 'a motor for driving the compressor "e stertinginotor, 4

tlicrmostiitically controlled means and con;4

nections for controlling the operation of the,

means and a compressor, a condenser,` a refrigerating chamber and an electromechanical unit responsive to temperature changes in the refrigerating chamber comprising an electric motor, valve means for controlling the How of cooling medium through the condenser, electro-circuit-changing means for said motor, and mechanical connections between the motor and the circuibchangng means and valve means comprising reducing gearing operated by said motor, whereby cooling medium may be supplied and cut off from the condenser.

CHARLES C. HANSEN. 

